---译评2025年高考英语北京卷阅读理解C篇
【短评】本文体裁是议论文，主题语境与题材为 “人与社会之比较行为”，体现辩证认知价值，突出批判性思维能力，彰显理性思辨素养，展示家庭互动情境，具有引导公众破除 “比较有害” 刻板印象的社会意义和启发个体善用比较动力的实践启示。文章以父女争执为切入点，颠覆 “不与他人比较” 的传统认知，通过科学分析揭示社会比较的双向性 — 既可能引发情绪困境，亦能转化为成长动能，最终落脚于 “比较方式比对象更重要” 的核心观点，为读者提供了重构自我认知的思维框架。
【英汉对照】
Not too long ago, on a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no. The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll for an extra 30 minutes. The parent argued that none of her friends'parents let them have screens after 9 o'clock. “I thought, in this family, we don’t compare ourselves with other people. Dad?” the teenager replied. The parent—who was me, by the way—just got served. 不久前，一个寒冷的冬夜，一名青少年想要更多屏幕使用时间，而家长却拒绝了。孩子坚持自己多翻屏 30 分钟的权利，家长则反驳说：“你朋友的父母都不让他们 9 点后用电子设备。” 这时孩子回应道：“爸爸，我记得我们家从不跟别人比较呀？” 顺便说一句，那位家长就是我，当时被怼得哑口无言。
Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people. I have argued countless times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”. 孩子们从小，我就告诫他们不要和别人比较，还无数次强调 “比较是快乐的小偷”。
Although my daughter didn't win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. In my defence, I did what we've all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. 尽管女儿没能说服我，但她确实让我意识到，自己曾给出一条极其糟糕的建议。平心而论，我不过是做了人们常做的事 —— 重复他人的观点，却未深究其中的细微差别。但如今该澄清误解了：首先要质疑 “所有社会比较都有害” 的片面认知。
Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed for our betterment if we understand how they work. The social comparisons we make—ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves—are vital to our ability to thrive. Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts. 诚然，社会比较常让我们陷入情绪困境。但一旦理解其运作机制，我们便能将其转化为自我提升的工具。那些让我们对自我产生正负评价的社会比较，实则是成长能力的关键要素。科学为我们提供了方法论，帮助我们优化比较方式，降低负面情绪影响。
Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances, or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views—for example, “Wow, things could be much worse; I'm doing great.” 与优于自己的人比较时，若只关注对方拥有而自己缺乏的事物，便会滋生嫉妒；但若将其视为动力，想着 “他能做到，我亦可以”，则会充满奋进的力量。与不如自己的人比较时，若担忧自身会陷入相似境地，就会产生恐惧；但若借此拓宽视野，想着 “幸好情况没那么糟，我已做得不错”，则会唤起感恩之心。
What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances. How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison. That’s something we all have control over. 我多希望早些让女儿明白这些细微之道：自我认知不仅取决于与谁比较，更在于如何解读比较本身。而这种解读能力，完全在我们的掌控之中。
【题干与选项】
1. How did the author feel about his daughter's argument?
A. Excited. （错误：文中未体现作者因女儿观点感到兴奋，仅描述其被反驳后开始反思。）
B. Inspired. （正确：女儿的质疑促使作者重新审视 “不比较” 的观点，意识到社会比较的复杂性，符合 “受启发” 的语义。）
C. Energized. （错误：“Energized” 侧重行动层面的激励，而文中作者更多是思想层面的顿悟，并非行动力的激发。）
D. Relieved. （错误：“Relieved” 指如释重负，与作者被女儿质疑后反思的语境矛盾。）
2. What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Major achievements. （错误：“重大成就” 与上下文讨论的 “未深究的细节” 无关。）
B. Complex feelings. （错误：“复杂情感” 偏离文中 “观点细微差别” 的语义指向。）
C. Significant impacts. （错误：“重大影响” 与 “细微之处” 的语境不符。）
D. Fine differences. （正确：“细微差别” 准确对应文中 “未探索的观点细节”，符合语境逻辑。）
3. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit （正确：标题精准概括 “社会比较可通过理性认知转化为健康行为” 的核心论点，体现文章辩证思维。）
B. Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties （错误：家庭互动仅为引入话题的案例，文章核心并非 “强化家庭关系”。）
C. Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble （错误：该选项仅提及比较的负面影响，忽略文中 “积极利用” 的辩证分析，表述片面。）
D. Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science （错误：科学在文中是 “引导利用比较” 的工具，而非 “控制比较”，标题与文章重点不符。）
答案：BDA
